参考文献/References:
[1] Trichon BH, Felker GM, Shaw LK, et al. Relation of frequency and severity of mitral regurgitation to survival among patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure[J]. Am J Cardiol,2003,91(5):538-543.
[2] Bursi F, Enriquez-Sarano M, Nkomo VT, et al. Heart failure and death after myocardial infarction in the community:the emerging role of mitral regurgitation[J]. Circulation,2005,111(3):295-301.
[3] Enriquez-Sarano M, Avierinos JF, Messika-Zeitoun D, et al. Quantitative determinants of the outcome of asymptomatic mitral regurgitation[J]. N Engl J Med,2005,352(9):875-883.
[4] Nkomo VT, Gardin JM, Skelton TN, et al. Burden of valvular heart diseases: a population-based study[J]. Lancet,2006,368(9540):1005-1011.
[5] Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease:executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol,2014,63(22):2438-2488.
[6] Iung B, Vahanian A. Epidemiology of valvular heart disease in the adult[J]. Nat Rev Cardiol,2011,8(3):162-172.
[7] Bursi F, Enriquez-Sarano M, Nkomo VT, et al. Heart failure and death after myocardial infarction in the community:the emerging role of mitral regurgitation[J]. Circulation,2005,111(3):295-301.
[8] Ling LH, Enriquez-Sarano M, Seward JB, et al. Clinical outcome of mitral regurgitation due to flail leaflet[J]. N Engl J Med,1996,335(19):1417-1423.
[9] Zoghbi WA, Enriquez-Sarano M, Foster E, et al. Recommendations for evaluation of the severity of native valvular regurgitation with two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography[J]. J Am Soc Echocardiogr,2003,16(7):777-802.
[10] Enriquez-Sarano M, Avierinos JF, Messika-Zeitoun D, et al. Quantitative determinants of the outcome of asymptomatic mitral regurgitation[J]. N Engl J Med,2005,352(9):875-883.
[11] Lang RM, Badano LP, Tsang W, et al. EAE/ASE recommendations for image acquisition and display using three-dimensional echocardiography[J]. J Am Soc Echocardiogr,2012,25(1):3-46.
[12] Magne J, Mahjoub H, Pierard LA, et al. Prognostic importance of brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular longitudinal function in asymptomatic degenerative mitral regurgitation[J]. Heart,2012,98(7):584-591.
[13] Witkowski TG, Thomas JD, Debonnaire PJ, et al. Global longitudinal strain predicts left ventricular dysfunction after mitral valve repair[J]. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging,2013,14(1):69-76.
[14] Pflugfelder PW, Sechtem UP, White RD, et al. Noninvasive evaluation of mitral regurgitation by analysis of left atrial signal loss in cine magnetic resonance[J]. Am Heart J,1989,117(5):1113-1119.
[15] Myerson SG, Francis JM, Neubauer S. Direct and indirect quantification of mitral regurgitation with cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and the effect of heart rate variability[J]. MAGMA,2010,23(4):243-249.
[16] Saiki Y, Kasegawa H, Kawase M, et al. Intraoperative TEE during mitral valve repair: does it predict early and late postoperative mitral valve dysfunction?[J]. Ann Thorac Surg,1998,66(4):1277-1281.
[17] Nemoto S, Hamawaki M, de Freitas G, et al. Differential effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril versus the beta-adrenergic receptor blocker atenolol on hemodynamics and left ventricular contractile function in experimental mitral regurgitation[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2002,40(1):149-154.
[18] Ahmed MI, Aban I, Lloyd SG, et al. A randomized controlled phase Ⅱb trial of beta(1)-receptor blockade for chronic degenerative mitral regurgitation[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol,2012,60(9):833-838.
[19] Tischler MD, Rowan M, LeWinter MM. Effect of enalapril therapy on left ventricular mass and volumes in asymptomatic chronic, severe mitral regurgitation secondary to mitral valve prolapse[J]. Am J Cardiol, 1998,82(2):242-245.
[20] Harris KM, Aeppli DM, Carey CF. Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on mitral regurgitation severity, left ventricular size, and functional capacity[J]. Am Heart J,2005,150(5):1106.
[21] Rowe JC, Bland EF, Sprague HB, et al. The course of mitral stenosis without surgery:ten- and twenty-year perspectives[J]. Ann Intern Med, 1960,52:741-749.
[22] The SOLVD Investigators.Effect of enalapril on mortality and the development of heart failure in asymptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions[J]. N Engl J Med,1992,327(10):685-691.
[23] van Bommel RJ, Marsan NA, Delgado V, et al. Cardiac resynchronization therapy as a therapeutic option in patients with moderate-severe functional mitral regurgitation and high operative risk[J]. Circulation, 2011,124(8):912-919.
[24] Detaint D, Sundt TM, Nkomo VT, et al. Surgical correction of mitral regurgitation in the elderly: outcomes and recent improvements[J]. Circulation, 2006,114(4):265-272.
[25] Vahanian A, Alfieri O, Andreotti F, et al. Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease(version 2012)[J]. Eur Heart J,2012,33(19):2451-2496.
[26] Enriquez-Sarano M, Schaff HV, Orszulak TA, et al. Valve repair improves the outcome of surgery for mitral regurgitation. A multivariate analysis[J]. Circulation,1995,91(4):1022-1028.
[27] Gammie JS, O'Brien SM, Griffith BP, et al. Influence of hospital procedural volume on care process and mortality for patients undergoing elective surgery for mitral regurgitation[J]. Circulation,2007,115(7):881-887.
[28] Mehta RH, Eagle KA, Coombs LP, et al. Influence of age on outcomes in patients undergoing mitral valve replacement[J]. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002,74(5):1459-1467.
[29] Feldman T, Foster E, Glower DD, et al. Percutaneous repair or surgery for mitral regurgitation[J]. N Engl J Med,2011,364(15):1395-1406.
[30] Glower D, Ailawadi G, Argenziano M, et al. EVEREST Ⅱ randomized clinical trial: predictors of mitral valve replacement in de novo surgery or after the MitraClip procedure[J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg,2012,143(4 Suppl):S60- S63.
[31] Mauri L, Foster E, Glower DD, et al. 4-year results of a randomized controlled trial of percutaneous repair versus surgery for mitral regurgitation[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol,2013,62(4):317-328.
[32] Grasso C, Capodanno D, Scandura S, et al. One- and twelve-month safety and efficacy outcomes of patients undergoing edge-to-edge percutaneous mitral valve repair(from the GRASP Registry)[J]. Am J Cardiol, 2013,111(10):1482-1487.
[33] Maisano F, Franzen O, Baldus S, et al. Percutaneous mitral valve interventions in the real world: early and 1-year results from the ACCESS-EU, a prospective, multicenter, nonrandomized post-approval study of the MitraClip therapy in Europe[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol,2013,62(12):1052-1061.
[34] Rudolph V, Lubos E, Schluter M, et al. Aetiology of mitral regurgitation differentially affects 2-year adverse outcomes after MitraClip therapy in high-risk patients[J]. Eur J Heart Fail,2013,15(7):796-807.
[35] Schillinger W, Hunlich M, Baldus S, et al. Acute outcomes after MitraClip therapy in highly aged patients: results from the German TRAnscatheter Mitral valve Interventions(TRAMI)Registry[J]. EuroIntervention, 2013,9(1):84-90.
[36] Swaans MJ, Bakker AL, Alipour A, et al. Survival of transcatheter mitral valve repair compared with surgical and conservative treatment in high-surgical-risk patients[J]. JACC Cardiovasc Interv,2014,7(8):875-881.
[37] Taramasso M, Maisano F, Latib A, et al. Clinical outcomes of MitraClip for the treatment of functional mitral regurgitation[J]. EuroIntervention, 2014,10(6):746-752.