参考文献/References:
[1] Murphy DA,Hockings LE,Andrews RK,et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-hemostatic complications[J]. Transfus Med Rev,2015,29(2):90-101.
[2] Chlebowski MM,Baltagi S,Carlson M,et al. Clinical controversies in anticoagulation monitoring and antithrombin supplementation for ECMO[J]. Crit Care,2020,24(1):19.
[3] Extracorporeal life support organization.ELSO Anticoagulation Guideline[EB/OL].(2015-05-01)[2021-07-05].https://www.elso.org/Portals/0/Files/elsoanticoagulationguideline8-2014-table-contents.pdf.
[4] Salter BS,Weiner MM,Trinh MA,et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a comprehensive clinical review[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol,2016,67(21):2519-2532.
[5] Sokolovic M,Pratt AK,Vukicevic V,et al. Platelet count trends and prevalence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in a cohort of extracorporeal membrane oxygenator patients[J]. Crit Care Med,2016,44(11):e1031-e1037.
[6] Kimmoun A,Oulehri W,Sonneville R,et al. Prevalence and outcome of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia diagnosed under veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a retrospective nationwide study[J]. Intensive Care Med,2018,44(9):1460-1469.
[7] Arachchillage DRJ,Laffan M,Khanna S,et al. Frequency of thrombocytopenia and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation compared with cardiopulmonary bypass and the limited sensitivity of pretest probability score[J]. Crit Care Med,2020,48(5):e371-e379.
[8] Pollak U. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia complicating extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support:review of the literature and alternative anticoagulants[J]. J Thromb Haemost,2019,17(10):1608-1622.
[9] Greinacher A,Alban S,Omer-Adam MA,et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a stoichiometry-based model to explain the differing immunogenicities of unfractionated heparin,low-molecular-weight heparin,and fondaparinux in different clinical settings[J]. Thromb Res,2008,122(2):211-220.
[10] Koster A,Loebe M,Sodian R,et al. Heparin antibodies and thromboembolism in heparin-coated and noncoated ventricular assist devices[J]. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2001,121(2):331-335.
[11] Ranucci M,Balduini A,Ditta A,et al. A systematic review of biocompatible cardiopulmonary bypass circuits and clinical outcome[J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2009,87(4):1311-1319.
[12] Pabst D,Boone JB,Soleimani B,et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and the role of a heparin-bonded circuit[J]. Perfusion,2019,34(7):584-589.
[13] 许俊堂李为民门剑龙. 肝素诱导的血小板减少症中国专家共识(2017). 中华医学杂志2018,98(6):408-417.
[14] Kataria V,Moore L,Harrison S,et al. Evaluation of serotonin release assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay optical density thresholds for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation[J]. Crit Care Med,2020,48(2):e82-e86.
[15] Renou A,Neuschwander A,Kimmoun A,et al. Modified 4T score for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia diagnosis in VA-ECMO patients[J]. Intensive Care Med,2020,46(7):1481-1483.
[16] Lillo-Le Lou?t A,Boutouyrie P,Alhenc-Gelas M,et al. Diagnostic score for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia after cardiopulmonary bypass[J]. J Thromb Haemost,2004,2(11):1882-1888.
[17] Greinacher A. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia[J]. N Engl J Med,2015,373(19):1883-1884.
[18] Tomasko J,Prasad SM,Dell DO,et al. Therapeutic anticoagulation-free extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to lung transplantation[J]. J Heart Lung Transplant,2016,35(7):947-948.
[19] Fina D,Matteucci M,Jiritano F,et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation without systemic anticoagulation: a case-series in challenging conditions[J]. J Thorac Dis,2020;12(5):2113-9.
[20] Yeo HJ,Kim DH,Jeon D,et al. Low-dose heparin during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment in adults[J]. Intensive Care Med. 2015;41(11):2020-1.
[21] Wood KL,Ayers B,Gosev I,et al. Venoarterial-extracorpal membrane oxygenation without routine systemic anticoagulation decreases adverse events[J]. Ann Thorac Surg,2020,109(5):1458-1466.
[22] Krueger K,Schmutz A,Zieger B,et al. Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with prophylactic subcutaneous anticoagulation only: an observational study in more than 60 patients[J]. Artif Organs,2017,41(2):186-192.
[23] Rougé A,Pelen F,Durand M,et al. Argatroban for an alternative anticoagulant in HIT during ECMO[J]. J Intensive Care,2017,5:39.
[24] Fisser C,Winkler M,Malfertheiner MV,et al. Argatroban versus heparin in patients without heparin-induced thrombocytopenia during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a propensity-score matched study[J]. Crit Care,2021,25(1):160.
[25] Kim YS,Lee H,Yang JH,et al. Use of argatroban for extracorporeal life support in patients with nonheparin-induced thrombocytopenia: analysis of 10 consecutive patients[J]. Medicine (Baltimore),2018,97(47):e13235.
[26] Zhong H,Zhu ML,Yu YT,et al. Management of bivalirudin anticoagulation therapy for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a case report and a systematic review[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2020,11:565013.
[27] Dager WE,Gosselin RC,Yoshikawa R,et al. Lepirudin in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and extracorporeal membranous oxygenation[J]. Ann Pharmacother,2004,38(4):598-601.
[28] Parlar AI,Sayar U,Cevirme D,et al. Successful use of fondaparinux in a patient with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia while on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after mitral valve redo surgery[J]. Int J Artif Organs,2014,37(4):344-347.